x15 MIA Editor’s Commentary

By Paul Gordon Collier, Editor

Originally published April 11, 2025 for our Mid-Month Issue of Mindful Intelligence Advisor.  Subscribe to get semi-monthly issues.

“The current international order is based on the presumption that our physical geography is fixed and unchanging. However, climate change – in the form of sea level rise and inundation – is shifting international boundaries. The world’s changing geography will force policymakers and legal experts to adapt the concepts of sovereignty, statehood, and citizenship to address the new global environment.”from Reconsidering Sovereignty Amid the Climate Crisis – Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

ED.NOTE: The nation-state model is relatively new to the human experience. It may or may not continue to be the dominant model of human governance, be that for good or for ill. The critique offered here is not fundamentally against the notion that there aren’t viable non-nation-state models of human governance, but that this “paper” is not about an authentic exploration of those possibilities but rather agit prop intended to nudge humanity towards something approaching a one-world government.

The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace issued a “paper” called “Reconsidering Sovereignty Amid the Climate Crisis” that makes the case for surrendering national sovereignty to save the people and the planet from the impending climate change apocalypse.

The paper uses the unique circumstances of the Pacific Islands to justify the claim that the concept of national sovereignty itself is an impediment to saving the people from the disaster coming our way.

The paper was written by Nitya Labh, who Carnegie credits as being “a nonresident research assistant for the South Asia Program and for the Tata Chair for Strategic Affairs at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace…” A LinkedIn profile claims, “Nitya Labh (W&M ‘22) is the runner-up in the undergraduate category of an international essay contest sponsored by the journal International Security and Girl Security.”

Labh is a UN-approved girl, through and through, a content marketer disguised as a journalist, in this writer’s opinion.

Labh claims, “Policymakers should consider new legal options to address climate-induced boundary changes. These may include the creation of fictitious boundaries, collective sovereignty, hybrid citizenship, and corridors for climate displacement.

This paper does not seek to suggest that these new ideas for sovereignty are the only path to resolving the nexus of legal-climate challenges that exist today. Instead, this paper attempts to raise new questions and ideas about how policymakers should think about the international system at a time when anthropogenic climate and environmental change is rearranging its geophysical foundations.”

After a series of scientific claims justifying the climate apocalypse predictions, Labh doubles down on her “gentle” suggestion we reconsider sovereignty, writing, “With only a few exceptions, solely states and intergovernmental organizations obtain rights and face obligations in international law; the individual does not take part in this privileged community.

Sovereignty is also the basis for restrictions on international law; with only a few exceptions, it is the sovereign right of every state that no other state or organization interferes with its internal matters. Consequently, what happens within a state’s borders traditionally has little relevance for the international legal order.”

Here, she’s going far beyond suggesting sovereignty is interfering with saving the people and the planet; it’s just bad for the individual, a very Marxist worldview if ever there was one.

Her logic seems to be this: because sovereign states have avenues of exchange that don’t cater directly to the individual, the individual is somehow diminished because they’re not simply subject to an international order; they’re subject to the nation-state order. If they were subject to an international order, they would have direct representation, like they maybe do at the nation-state level.

Ask yourself if you’d rather face the consequences of a worldwide “election” or an election in the nation-state you’re currently in. If you really think about it, you’ll understand how much further your already diminished voice would be in a world where the prize is control of the entire world.

How much money do you think would go into those campaigns? How many people would die interfering with some faction’s plans to be the one to take power and always attempt to close the door behind them?

Her whole presentation presumes the world would be better off ceding its sovereignty to leftist thinkers, people who can’t understand the basic reality of power, where blood and bone and sinew meet forced habits of being delivered from on-high by “experts” such as this young woman must fancy herself to be.

They can’t even define what a woman is or allow for true value to be measured in their unrealistic utopian” black-and-white schemes.

She rightly points out what could be considered the birth of the modern political world, the birth of the nation-state, in the Treaty of Westphalia, seeming to suggest that the “newness” of the concept of the sovereignty of the nation-state should cause you to be suspicious of it for that reason alone.

Let us remember, though, that leftists will more often argue that tradition is oppression and wisdom is in progress, the new, what is becoming, NOT what has been. Yet on this issue, this Marxist essentially appeals to tradition to justify rejecting the more progressive governance model, the sovereign nation-state.

This headline in Labh’s “paper” makes it plain, “Climate Change and Sovereignty Are at Odds.”

Here, Labh reveals more than perhaps her presumed handlers would have wanted her to, claiming, “Climate change challenges the presumption that a sovereign state will have ‘a permanent population,’ in the sense that while the individuals living there may change, a territory will be continuously inhabited. It can be a driving factor in human migration by creating climate refugees or internally displaced persons, or by incentivizing voluntary relocations.”

Herein lies the heart of the SOLUTION to save the planet, by nearly any means necessary: Dissolve local identity and geographical heritage in a people and prevent them from occupying any land for generations. It is not a reality, but rather a desire, smuggled in as a matter of fact.

That “fact”claim is this: Humans will, because of the climate change-triggered rising sea levels and food disasters (that human ingenuity will fail to overcome, not by stopping it but by redesigning and rebuilding to accommodate it), no longer desire to be tied to a land of their forefathers.

Certainly, if rising sea levels happen (presuming their climate apocalypse is real) then the micro national islands in the Pacific this writer conveniently focuses on will have major sovereignty issues, with whole island micro-nations being sent to the bottom of the rising seas.

Furthermore, their national sovereignty is relatively newer in these regions, with less allegiance placed on the nation-state than with the families, the larger communities they live with.

One interesting “solution” is not entirely without merit, even if it is intended to wholly replace the nation-state model, which this writer imagines it would not. Here, she writes of “collective sovereignty,” claiming it “could provide a legitimate basis for hybrid citizenship that spans multiple jurisdictions.”

Such collective sovereignties, in this writer’s mind, could come from nations that join in some form of league or confederal pact, but even then, primary citizenship would most likely not only be required, but preferred by the citizens themselves. Their ability to vote in non-primary nation-states would most likely be diminished in some capacity.

In that same section, she writes, “In the absence of international law or institutional frameworks that allocate human rights responsibilities in hybrid arrangements, states will have to establish bilateral or regional agreements to divide, reestablish, and share human rights duties. Regardless of the form citizenship and migration pathways take, it is clear that climate response policies must center around the interests of human security.”

The key phrases here are “human rights,” “human rights DUTIES,” “climate response policies,” and “human security.

Climate response policiesis a particularly interesting phrase in that it contains within it the very thing President Trump is at least severely disrupting, the administrative state. A legislative, democratic response to the climate apocalypse would hardly be adequate.

These changes must be made by scientists, experts, and human rights advocates, on the fly, as the crisis demands. In other words, these changes need to be made by the administrative state.

Imagine keeping a whole world captive to the lie that the planet was going to die, and people were going to perish by the billions if they didn’t hand their lives and sovereignty over to people with the same worldview as this woman.

Imagine if that was really the only thing that held them, the fear that the end might be near. Year after year the state would have to find reasons the climate apocalypse hadn’t happened yet or why it wasn’t making a difference, or maybe it was making things worse, in the “fight to save the planet” so far.

Any dissenting voice would be labeled a saboteur, or worse, a climate denier, a charge that could, in that world, be even worse than being called a racist or a homophobe in today’s leftist-controlled cultural reality.

Imagine a world where the statement “homosexuality is a sin” will get you imprisoned because climate change experts determined that statement was a human rights violation, which could accelerate the habits of being that made man-made climate change happen in the first place.

In case you’re interested, that would be white supremacism; everything goes back to white supremacism, right before it halts for a time at “muh patriarchy,” though this agit prop piece doesn’t pull any “social justice” trump card other than saving the planet and human rights (which is a dog whistle for a forced socio-cultural value system at existential odds with Christian and Americanist values).

The mere introduction of the notion that surrendering nation-state sovereignty is NECESSARY to save the planet AND the people is a hard enough blow on conventional thought as it is, so perhaps she wisely chose to lay off the white devil and toxic male tropes.

The piece itself is a test of the spirit of the land, or at least how the “opposition” might choose to react or not react to what appears to this writer to be a severe shot across the bow of sovereign rights.

But it is also a nudge, an attempt to both stigmatize nation-state sovereignty and normalize more collective sovereignty identities. Don’t be fooled, however, the collective sovereignty stop is just that – a stop, a stop on a journey that ends in a one world socialist government run by the few enlightened for the “benefit” of the vast many.

Finally, it is a signal to lower-thought-serving agit prop information terror machines, like CBS News, CNN, etc., to start running stories that make nation-state sovereignty sound evil (even if you must make them up) and collective sovereignty look great.

If this writer is right, expect more stories from the DNC-CCP media on the plight of the island nations of the Pacific over the coming months and years as they prepare their low-informed, partisan-identified de facto sycophants to accept a world “without borders” that really becomes, as Alex Jones warned us, nothing more than a prison planet.

The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace isn’t interested in saving the people or the planet; it’s interested in making humans in their inhuman “image,” an image that sees humanity as needing one unified society to truly be the human they were born to choose to be.

That society must be created from on high, from experts who understand what human rights are, experts who understand what social justice is, experts who can use science and math and logic and reason to redesign the human experience from top to bottom, towards a new shared whole.

Those that don’t choose what they SHOULD HAVE CHOSEN will be culled from the social human tribe.

This “paper” is nothing short of a declaration of war against the whole planet by the “globalist” powers that be; the race to secure power is on, and Nitya Labh is ready to do her part to assure the rest of her network knows, it’s time to make war on sovereignty.

By Bill Collier, Publisher

Originally published March 14, 2025 for our Mid-Month Issue of Mindful Intelligence AdvisorSubscribe to get semi-monthly issues.

“I look at the Ukraine situation and I say, so Ukraine is a country that affects us far less than it affects other countries in NATO, and yet we are doing all of the lifting, they’re not doing anything. And I say, why is it that Germany is not dealing with NATO on Ukraine? Why is it that other countries that are in the vicinity of the Ukraine not dealing with – why are we always the one that’s leading, potentially the Third World War, okay, with Russia? Why are we always the ones that are doing it?”

“I think NATO as a concept is good, but it is not as good as it was when it first evolved. And I think we bear the, you know, not only financially, we bear the biggest brunt of it. Obama has been stronger on the Ukraine than all the other countries put together, and those other countries right next door to the Ukraine. And I just say we have, I’m not even knocking it, I’m just saying I don’t think it’s fair, we’re not treated fair. I don’t think we’re treated fair, Charles, anywhere.”Donald Trump to the Washington Post Editorial Board in 2016 during his first Presidential campaign

If European countries rearm and support Ukraine directly, I applaud putting words into action. I believe Ukraine needs to win on the battlefield, then sue for peace. But the U.S. now has other priorities and, though I disagree, I wanted Biden to succeed, and I hope Trump’s moves work out.

The U.S. and NATO were miserly in sending stuff piecemeal. They also had no plans to prevent theft and corruption; rather, they may have gotten kickbacks. They never sent a lot of resources at once to tip the scales.

They also didn’t directly enable strategy with Ukraine. Finally, they restricted the weapons usage, which enabled Russia to have safe havens while Ukraine had none.

Western powers urged Ukraine to surrender their nuclear arsenal, and they did, believing all the powers involved, including Russia, would respect their territorial sovereignty. Russia used the unrest among the Russian minority while Ukraine’s government was ham-fisted about it.

I don’t buy Russia’s justifications, e.g. NATO expansion and the abuse of the Russian minorities, but I can say that poking a bear who already wants to eat you isn’t smart, even if the bear is also wrong in his true ambitions, which are hegemonic and imperialistic.

Kiev has become infected with the leftist mantras and anti-Trumpism, which is NOT a basis for a reasonable foreign policy. Just as Trump has to talk to leaders he doesn’t agree with to make a deal, so too must Ukraine. I fear that ship has sailed.

I don’t care if Ukraine breaks with the USA and is backed by the EU on how to end this, and I mostly prefer the European approach as described; I just doubt they will do it.

Unfortunately, Trump’s calculus seems to be that China and our own hemisphere need to be our focus; therefore, he wants to divide Russia from China, as I think India has been at least partially divided from China.

China is the greatest threat in terms of economic and military capacity, and unlike Russia, whose “Mir Russiya,” Russia World, is limited to a region in the world, China’s ideology is world dominion under Communist control. China is the new USSR and Russia is the new China.

Trump believes rapprochement with Russia is possible, like Nixon going to China, though I think Russia is as big a threat as China.

Zelensky has to go back 500 years to see the kind of relationships countries will have in the future. If or when we find a way to neutralize the nuclear threat, we will see a world that looks more like the 1300s, a multi-polar and disconnected world (we see this with censorship and national intrawebs like in China, where “God is on the side with the bigger battalions.”) If Europe can rearm while arming Ukraine, force and force alone will win.

The USA has almost all the economic and military power advantages, while our interests do not align with the rules based arcane order, according to Trump himself. He campaigned on that and won a mandate to do so, with a slim majority supporting him still.

When/if Europeans rearm like Poland has and when they supply enough kit for Ukraine to win enough on the ground to bring peace with honor, then their policies will win, and we, the USA, will remain friends but mind our own business.

The acrimonious rhetoric between leaders is killing relationships that must endure past this war. The U.S. does need Europe as a friend and trading partner, even if we mostly all came from there. We have shifted our strategic focus, and demonizing Trump over this will drive wedges and ruin other areas of collaboration that could be mutually beneficial.

I personally think Trump is being shortsighted, but so are Kiev and Brussels, and even more so because at this moment their mouths are writing checks that their deeds may never cash. The ungratefulness for decades of U.S.-funded and manned protection should not be forgotten, even if you disagree with our President now. You don’t have to accuse him of being pro-Russia, as Ukraine is stupidly doing as an emotional response.

Ukraine needs to consider an approach that is transactional, and the good news is Trump is capable of changing course if he can get a good deal. You may be offended by that, and it may seem inappropriate to you, but we are in the resurging stage of regional empires, as old civilizations decline and devolve into depravity and totalitarianism, in degrees, and in diverse ways, with diverse justifications.

It is a time of transactional foreign policy and shifting alliances of convenience, with maximum competition, until only a few empires, but more than two, carve out their own zone of influence.

Trump sees Ukraine and asks, “What are we gaining?”

It’s not a moral crusade like many of us who support Ukraine might feel it is. The era of the battle of ideologies is ending. The left and the EU seem to not understand that Kiev is fighting Russia and Trump because they are a client state not of the U.S. but of America’s administrative state. This state is run by the hard left, whose aim is hegemonic, NOT for Americans but for their corporate backers over the whole world, per the WEF.

Americans see this and rebel. They aren’t interested in ideological crusades, not even against Communism. The idea is that the American empire has its spheres of influence with certain trusted allies and client states. Trump’s Mexico, Canada, Greenland, and Panama polices reflect an American imperialism that is long overdue as the age of decline and ruin of Western Civilization begins in earnest.

China could be communist and still have good relationships, but their hegemonic aims conflict with Trump’s aims (which are now America’s aims because he is the President). The U.S. has warm relationships with Vietnam, a former enemy and a communist state, because we have a “good deal” with them.

Kiev can do what it wishes. I have no right to lecture. I still want to see Ukraine win and yet their lack of understanding the reality of power in this age is causing them to essentially engage in 20th-century diplomacy rather than a diplomacy suited to the age of empires.

I fear if the EU arms and makes Ukraine a vassal state we will see an authoritarianism that turns it into everything NATO was formed to defend against. I do believe it is especially in Germany’s interest to have a presence in Ukraine and be closely allied, without the USA involved. But they will need to ramp up their war factories, and they CAN, but ONLY if they tend to the problem that only 18% of their citizens are willing to fight for Germany.

When I had the vision for a new Christian civilization back in 1982, then “history from the future written in 2147” showed that one day Germany and Russia will go to war over Ukraine! If Germany can beef Ukraine up and win by proxy, but also revert to a more Freedomist approach to civil liberties, then this could prevent that from happening.

I do not assess that Germany is serious about their support, and unless they can restore a patriotism that isn’t xenophobic, they will lack popular support and have to resort to more totalitarian measures than they have already enacted.

If Kiev wants to win against Russia, they too will need reform to build a more republican form of government, turning Ukraine into a decentralized federation. They will need the moral power of consent derived from a free electoral process that includes all Ukrainians in Ukrainian territory who pledge allegiance to Ukrainian independence.

I recognize that Russia will try to interfere, and measures should be taken to prevent that without becoming totalitarian like the Russians.

The U.S. gains nothing from Ukraine now. Most Americans now want the foreign wars and funding to stop. That’s sad, to me, but Kiev chose to align itself with the Party not in power and made it so that the war was now being used as a partisan football.

The White House meeting that was a disaster happened because Democrats meeting with Zelensky wanted to get him to sabotage the deal to make Trump look bad. He participated willingly and knowingly, and he is paying the price.

I will not stop rooting for Ukraine to win against Russia, but dragging this war out, because you give weapons and supplies piecemeal and limit weapons use, and through theft of foreign aid, especially U.S. aid, with kickbacks to the political class who secured the aid, was not smart at all. Zelensky and the Democrats tried to put the arm on Trump, and he walked away limping.

Originally published February 14, 2025 for our End-of-Month Issue of Mindful Intelligence Advisor.  Subscribe to get semi-monthly issues.

By Paul Collier, Editor

“Jesus replied, ‘A man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and he fell among robbers, who stripped him and beat him and departed, leaving him half dead. Now by chance, a priest was going down that road, and when he saw him, he passed by on the other side. So likewise a Levite, when he came to the place and saw him, passed by on the other side.

But a Samaritan, as he journeyed, came to where he was, and when he saw him, he had compassion. He went to him and bound up his wounds, pouring on oil and wine. Then he set him on his own animal and brought him to an inn and took care of him.

And the next day, he took out two denarii and gave them to the innkeeper, saying, “Take care of him, and whatever more you spend, I will repay you when I come back.” Which of these three, do you think, proved to be a neighbor to the man who fell among the robbers?’ He said, ‘The one who showed him mercy.’ And Jesus said to him, ‘You go, and do likewise.’” Luke 10:30-37

On January 30, 2025, newly sworn-in Vice President JD Vance had a moment when speaking with Sean Hannity that kicked off a whole host of “debates” (some in good faith, some in bad faith) about the nature of Christian love. He was speaking specifically about the illegal alien invasion of the country and the President’s plan to deport them all.

First, here’s what JD Vance said that kicked off the dust storms:

“[A]s an American leader, but also just as an American citizen, your compassion belongs first to your fellow citizens. It doesn’t mean you hate people from outside of your own borders.

But there’s this old-school [concept] – and I think a very Christian concept, by the way – that you love your family, and then you love your neighbor, and then you love your community, and then you love your fellow citizens in your own country, and then after that you can focus and prioritize the rest of the world.”

The go-to counter by the left is to appeal to Luke 10, the Parable of the Good Samaritan, to counter this notion that the Homefront comes first. In this story, a Samaritan, who is considered by many at that time to be a stench on the land, finds a poor (presumably) Jew who had been beaten, robbed, and left for dead. Before the Samaritan (the stench of the land) found him, a priest saw him and passed him by, so too did a member of the tribe of Levi, a Levite (which is the priestly tribe).

In this story, then, we have a non-descript Jew who is near death, and two Jews from the most “holy” of tribes, with one being an officer in one of the highest sacred positions in the land. We have the earth, the below, in the beaten man, and wisdom from heaven, the priest and the Levite, intersecting, and the highest of the highest who is a brother to this Jew walked on, left him for dead.

But the lowest of the low, the stench of the land, the Samaritan, bent down and picked up the earth, the Jew, though he was his enemy. The leftist uses this passage to back up the claim that “Christian” love means we love everyone equally, and so those who are without, whether they be family or fellow citizens, strangers or foreigners, we give first to those with the most needs. The good Samaritan gave to the man who hated him because that man had a greater need than his own.

Of course, this takes the gospel out of the story, as this writer sees it, a story that works to show us the nature of true Christian love, to love your enemy as yourself, but it also shows that this spirit, this Christian love, is what makes you a priest, a high position in a family that crosses all racial and ethnic boundaries.

The priest and the Levite were lower in the earth than the man left for dead, though they walked in the whitewashed tombs of a legacy of true priests and Levites.

That love is possible because Christ loved his enemies as he loved himself at an unfathomable scale, giving His life and suffering the torment of the sins of billions of enemies so that they might be saved, for Christ died for us while we were yet his enemies.

That love was reflected in the Samaritan, who risked death himself, walking into Judean towns. It might be the fact that he was helping a Jew that he himself wasn’t robbed and beaten and left for dead.

The Samaritan was like others in Christ’s gospel from outside the 12 tribes who would show Israel that the righteousness of God in men is what made them high places in His Kingdom declared, a Kingdom among those who follow Christ, not their genetic heritage.

In Matthew 8, Jesus says of the faithful centurion who knew his servant could be healed with but a word from Christ, “Truly I tell you, with no one in Israel have I found such faith. I tell you many will come from east and west and recline at the table with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob in the kingdom of heaven, while the sons of the kingdom will be thrown into the outer darkness. In that place there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.” (Matthew 8:11-12).

The message of the Good Samaritan is NOT to give to those who need it the most, for if that were the case, Christ would have chastised the woman who came and washed his feet and used expensive perfumes to anoint Him with, an expense that could have gone to the poor instead. Christ says of her gesture, “Truly I say to you, wherever this gospel is proclaimed in the whole world, what she has done will also be told.” (Matthew 26:13).

The message of the Good Samaritan is multi-valent, but outside the shadow of Christ we see in the Good Samaritan, it demonstrates to believers what living out the love of Christ looks like in our lives, emboldening us to dare risk life and limb to rescue our enemies from harm. But that doesn’t mean we preclude the needs of loved ones in our lives or form a hierarchy of giving around “need” alone.

The Apostle Paul himself tells us in 1 Timothy 5:8 that “if anyone does not provide for his relatives, and especially for members of his household, he has denied the faith and worse than an unbeliever.”

We have a particular responsibility to provide first for our family, our friends, our associates, our fellow citizens, and then ever outward. When Christ came to walk the earth as the Son of Man, He demonstrated that stewardship responsibility to the inner circle, but yet called us to be impartial to those outside our inner circle.

We see an example of this in Mark 7 when Christ delivered the Syrophoenician woman’s daughter from demons because the foreign woman clearly demonstrated faith in Christ the Messiah even though he did not come to serve non-Jews. He judged her impartially, not as a foreigner, but as a daughter of Christ, for she clearly recognized him as the Messiah, calling Him Lord.

As he was leaving, he told them, “You will be witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.” (Acts 1:8) He sent them out with a stewardship that began at home (Jerusalem) and extended outward (Judah, then Samaria, and then the ends of the earth) AFTER the home was served first.

On this, JD Vance was right. But he left out a distinction between stewardship and love. Stewardship is the fruit of love through Christ’s love; it is a certain responsibility love leads us to fulfill, but it’s not love itself. This, I believe, is closer to what JD Vance was describing.

This is an important distinction, and it could explain why JD Vance’s message isn’t more clearly understood (though it might reflect his own lack of understanding of the deeper gospel message, that love is about stewardship, but it’s also about impartiality, and even mercy).

Love does not mean I deprive my neighbors to provide for strangers. Love DOES mean that I show NO PARTIALITY to my neighbors over strangers. If my brother steals from a stranger, Christian love compels me to side with the stranger. Love DOES mean if someone is bleeding in front of me and they are my enemy, I stop what I’m doing and seek to come to their aid.

The left leaves out the stewardship responsibility we have to our inner circles, while JD Vance appears to have left out impartiality and mercy in his, equating stewardship with the totality of Christian love, which it is not.

What’s more, he uses this analogy to justify deporting millions of illegal aliens, some of whom might deserve impartiality and mercy when considering their unique circumstances. To be sure, the criminals (the ones who are criminals for more than just being here illegally) will have to go. To let this nation continue to be inundated with dangerous people who have no right to be here would be bad stewardship of our inner circle, our fellow citizens.

But somewhere in that mix are people who might be like that broken man, beaten and left for dead, in need of mercy, even if you imagine these people are our enemies (some of them are, but most of them are not).

In the last of the books of Moses, Deuteronomy, as Moses is preparing his people for his own death, he tells his people, as commanded to him by God “He executes justice for the fatherless and the widow, and loves the sojourner, giving him food and clothing. Love the sojourner, therefore, for you were sojourners in the land of Egypt.” (Deuteronomy 10:18-19).

It is not good stewardship, and thus not good Christian love, to sacrifice the well-being of your fellow citizens to take care of strangers, but now that they’re here, let us remember it is also not good Christian love to decline to give mercy, nor to decline to serve the ones beaten, robbed, and left for dead either.