During the recently concluded “Two Sessions” annual legislative meetings, the National People’s Congress (NPC) passed a new “Law on Promoting Ethnic Unity and Progress” that many scholars and educators fear will threaten the survival of languages including Tibetan, Mongolian, and Uyghur, and further undermine cultural identity among non-Han communities in China. Strongly promoted by Xi Jinping and other CCP leaders, the law was passed with 2,756 votes (and just three opposing votes and three abstentions) and is scheduled to take effect on July 1 of this year.
It contains wide-ranging provisions that encompass education, housing policy, entertainment, and other areas. The law formalizes assimilationist policies including the strict promotion of Mandarin as the “national common language” in education and public affairs. Schools and universities will no longer be allowed to teach core subjects in languages such as Tibetan, Uyghurs, or Mongolian. It also contains language suggesting restrictions on freedom of speech and potential penalties for those outside of China who “engage in activities that undermine ethnic unity” or incite “ethnic separatism.”
